Archilochus 13 and 17a

Archilochus 13: No citizen or city at a festival would fault you for your grief and swollen lungs, Pericles; such were the men whom the wave covered. Nevertheless, friend, the gods set down endurance as a drug for incurable evils; it holds us now, but later changes for another. Put aside womenly suffering and endure.

Archilochus 17a: ... streams... one must not say cowardice. We hastened to flee; once Telephus made the Greek army flee, filling the Caicus and Mysian plain with corpses as they fled to the shore and their ships. Then off-course they ascended the city, thinking it was Troy. Heracles met them, helping his pitiless son Telephus... 

13:

  • Love the general theme of consolation of grief from a shipwreck; I'm going to try to keep my eye out for shipwrecks, which I feel like are more common in elegy and lyric than in epic.
  • Interesting here that grief for the dead is treated specifically as womanly, and the addressees are told to 'endure' (τλῆτε, like men in battle, cf. Il. 2.299). Epic is pretty big on gendering things, but I don't think epic genders grief.
  • Implicit in the first two lines is the idea that normally one should put aside one's grief at a civic festival; reminds me a bit of the Alcestis, where mourning and hospitality similarly come into conflict.

17a:

  • very fun poem, only first published in 2005. One of the Oxyrhynchus papyri that I guess people have been squatting on for a century.
  • the whole point of the mythological exemplum is to justify retreat in battle; the justification of unmartial behavior kinda fits with the Archilochus persona and especially with Archilochus 5 (losing his shield).
  • very similar to Homer in setting and language; the geographical landscape feels just like the Iliad (city, river, plain, shore, ships), and in language we get epic tmesis and words that are otherwise restricted to epic (e.g. φύζα).
  • One possible exception is the use of φοβέω:

Ἀργείων ἐφόβησε πολὺν στρατ[όν,] ο[ὐδ' ἔτι μεῖναν

ἄλκιμ[οι,] -- ἦ τόσα δὴ μοῖρα θεῶν ἐφόβει,


he put to flight  a big army of Argives, and no longer did they remain

courageous, so great a fate of the gods scared them


The first use of φοβέω seems to mean "put to flight" (the Homeric meaning); the second "scare" (the post-Homeric meaning). Archilochus seems to use both; maybe deliberately?

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Why does Odysseus reject Calypso’s offer to stay with her forever? (Catherine Project 8)

Achilles Tatius

Solon 27